Beginning in the 16th century, the Catholic Church combated against the Protestant Reformation with an art style designed to encourage society to stay involved with Catholicism. The new style, consisting of emotion and drama, became known as Baroque. In the 18th century, this movement will evolve into Rococo in France. Since education in both the 16th and 17th centuries wasn’t as advanced, many couldn’t read. The church hoped to tell religious stories through art. Paintings produced during the Baroque period contain these tails, with the majority being taken from the Bible. The Church hoped to catch the eye of citizens through the art’s colors and compositions. Baroque painting began in Italy but quickly spread throughout Europe. The masters came from all areas of the continent. This included Rembrandt in the Netherlands, Caravaggio in Italy, and Diego Velazquez in Spain. Velazquez painted one of the most astonishing pieces of the Baroque era, Las Meninas. This work was so influential that Pablo Picasso produced over 58 paintings through the change in composition by rearranging the individuals in it. Their artistic abilities were highly demanded by both royal patrons and the Church. The Rococo style originated in Paris around 1715. The Baroque style was extremely dramatic, but the Rococo era emphasized soft colors and curved lines. The name, Rococo, comes from the word rocaille, French for stones and shells, due to its usage of shell-like curves. There have been many recognizable artists from this period, including Jean-Honore Fragonard and Francois Boucher. One of the most famous pieces from the Rococo period is The Swing by Fragonard. The light tones make for a delicate scene filled with love. While the Baroque style held light and shade, thick paint, and hard brushwork, Rococo paintings expressed light colors and soft color contrasts. They were thought of as cheerful, playful, and graceful. Many works showed wealthy individuals relaxing and having time to themselves. Subjects incorporated whimsical landscapes, themes of romance, and complimentary portraits for the period. The development of art from the Baroque to the Rococo style can be viewed in the artworks from the period. Though both differ in detail, color tones, and much more, both hold an extreme amount of talent and a change in the times.
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